White Papers

• +/-Neutral Grounding

  • Addressing Ground Faults on MV Generators

    A hybrid grounding system design allows flexibility

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• +/-Protection Relay Functions

  • 87L Application on Long Transmission Lines with Series Capacitor Banks and Shunt Reactors

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  • Impact of VFD and Cyclic Loading on Motor Protection Relays

    Impact of Variable Frequency Drive and Cyclic Loading on Multi-Function Motor Protection Relays

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  • Transformer Differential Relay Settings

    Operate and Restraint Signals of a Transformer Differential Relay

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  • IEC61850 GOOSE Based Zone Selective Interlocking

    Practical Considerations of Applying IEC61850 GOOSE Based Zone Selective Interlocking Scheme in Industrial Applications

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  • CT Saturation in Industrial Applications

    Analysis and Application Guidelines

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• +/-UPS and Battery

  • Capacity Testing of VRLA Batteries

    Detailed instructions on capacity testing for VRLA Batteries (20 - 200 Ampere-Hours Capacity)

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• +/-Variable Frequency Drives

  • VFD Input Harmonic Performance

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  • Protection of Motors Fed Through Adjustable Speed Drives

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  • Considerations for Dependability of Motor Protection on Current Transformer Performance in VFD Applications

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